Pump



March 21, 1939;

C. R. NEESON i PUMP Filed June 26, 1957 5 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR.

CHARLES R N50Al W Add wwz/ March 21, 1939. c. R. NEESON PUMP ' 3Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 26, 1957 INVENTOR. (HQ/H55 P- A/EESOA/ 'A m M722?; m

ATTORNE Y.

March 21, 1939. QR. NQEESON 2,151,482

PUMP Filed June 26, 1957 SSheets-Shqet 3 FAQ -6 INVENTOR. CHARLES R.A/EESON BY 7%: Maw

ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 21, 1939 c UNITED STATES PUMP Charles Neeson, Dayton,Ohio, assignor, by

mesne assignments, to Chrysler Corporation, Highland Park, Mich acorporation of Delaware Application June 26, 1937, Serial No. 150.590 2(Cl. 103126) My present invention relates to a pump of general utilityin many fields and of particular utility for circulating a lubricatingmedium through en- "gines or machines of any type which may operate inreverse. A specialized machine of this type is a radial compressor suchas more fully set forth in my copending applications, Serial Numbers145,585, 145,586, 145,587. 145,588, and 145,- 589, filed on'May 29,1937, which comprises a sealed compressing unit for refrigerants.including a motor and compressor sealed into a casing. a portion ofwhich forms an enclosed oil reservoir. Within this oil reservoir thereis mounted a pump for circulating oil through the unit town! the motorandto lubricate the bearings and other working parts. As fully set forthin my aforementioned application, Serlal Number 145,586,

the motors of such units may operate in either direction, the directionof rotation depending entirely upon the manner in which the motorconnections are connected to thepower lines. Through carelessness orerror the connections may be made so that the motor would rotatecounter-clcckwise whereas clockwise rotation would be desired, or evenafter the original connections had been made the lines maybe reversedsomewhere between the power plant and the motor with thesame effect. Thecompressor of my design is capable of operating at maximum eilicienciesregardless of the rotation of the niotor tov which it is connected, andas set forth in my application, Serial Number 145,586, I have combinedtherewith a pump having automatic'reversing features so that in case amotor reversal oc-v curs the pump will nevertheless continue to force alubricant through the system in the proper direction. An object of thepresent invention is to devise a simple form of pump which will operatein such a combination, whether the same be the combination of acompressing unit and pump, or any other combination including a pump. Afurther object of the invention is to devise a pump which may be used inany desired location or with any driving mechanism so that carefulselection of pump direction and motor direction characteristics isrendered-unnecessary. A further object of my invention is to adapt'thegear type of pump to uses requiring automatic reversing characteristics,thereby providing a more simple and cheaper form of pump than Aheretofore found available for such uses. 4

The object of my invention will be more 1111 apparent afterconsideration of the following 55 specification taken in connection withthe accompanying drawings wherein like numerals refer to like partsthroughout.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is'a plan view of one embodiment of mypresent invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section taken along line2-2 5 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-section through the pump taken alongline 3-3 of Fig. Zand looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 4 isa plan view of the lower portion of. the pump housing after allremovable parts have been removed there- 10 from; Fig. 5 is a plan viewof the upper portion of the pump housing, similar to Fig. 4, showing theflow-reversing member in position and showing in dotted outline the pumpparts rotating in a clockwise direction; and Fig. 6 is a view similar 15to Fig. 5 showing the pump parts rotating in a counter-clockwisedirection.

, Fig. 1 discloses a pump housing 10 having bolted to the top thereof apump head II which is provided with a journal I! having bearings i3 and20 H within which rotates a driving shaft l5 connected to a motor,line-shaft or other driving means. ,The shaft l5, as more clearly seenin Figs. 2 and 3 is fastened to a driving gear l6 having peripheralteeth which is preferably shrunk- 25 fit onto the end of the shaft,which gear J6 is eccentrically located with respect to an outer ringgear ll having internal teeth of the same shape but greater in number byone tooth so that the gear teeth are in mesh at one point only and areexactly disengaged at a diametrically opposite point. Such gear pumpsare well-known and the contours of the gear teeth assume several forms,the principle of the pumps being that at one side the teeth separatethereby causing fluid to be 3 drawn into the space between the gears,and at the other side the teeth come together thereby causing fluid tobe forced from the spaces between the gears. The ring I1 is of the samethickness as the gear l6 and "the two are placed within a bear- 40 I ingdepression in the lower surface of thepump head I I.

A reversing member 18 is mounted in the pump housing III, the reversingmember having the same diameter and being concentric with the ring gearII. The member rests upon a shoulder l9 and is rotatively guided by abearing extension 20 slidably mounted in a socket 2i. I'heextension 20.V is hollowand a spring 22 and thrust ball 23 mounted therein force theupper face of the reversing member 18 against the lower faces of thegears. The upper face of member '18 is provided with channels 25 and 26,each channel extending inwardly from the edge of the member a shortdistance and then substantially concentrically by forming a centralisland 21 surrounded by the grooves 25 and 28 except for narrow raisedstrips 180 apart at one side of the entrances to the channels 25 and 26.The channels are of such a width and so located as substantially tounderlie the gear teeth and pockets between the gear teeth at all times.

The pump housing It is recessed to form channels 28 and 29 ofsubstantially the same depth as channels 25 and 26, each channelextending from a diametrically opposite point approximately 110- aboutthe inner circumference of the housing, thereby providing lands Ill and3| spaced 180 apart. The relationship of the channels in the pumphousing to the reversing member issuch that, with the reversing memberin the position shaft I5 is rotating clockwise as shown in Fig. 5

the friction between the faces of the gears and the reversing membercauses the reversing member to assume the position shown, whereas if theshaft l5 reverses direction the friction between the faces causes thereversing member to assume the position shown in Fig. 6. ,In Fig. 5 thegear teeth are separating adjacent channel 25, the open end of which isdirectly opposite opening 32. so that fluid entering channel 28 flowsdirectly into channel 25 and thence into theenlarging spaces between thegear teeth. As soon as the gear teeth have passed beyond the channel 25and approach the closed end of channel 26 the pockets between them beginto decrease in size thereby forcing fluid into the channel", the openend of which is directly opposite the discharge opening 34. In Fig. 6fluid emerging from opening 32 traverses the length of channel 28 andchannel 25 into the increasing pockets, then is forced into the channel26 by the decreasing pockets, traverses the, length of channel I! and isdischarged through opening 3|.

Inorder tolimit the reversing movement of the reversing member so as tohave channel 25 l the reversing member.

In-order that trapped fluid in recess ll may not prevent the reversingmember from becoming properly seated onshoulder 'll, a'relief opening 5|may be provided through the reversing member in the discharge orhigh-pressure side of the pump. By placing relief opening u in thehighpressure side of the pump the pressures on opposite surfaces of thereversing member are placed substantially in equilibrium or greater onthe lower surface, thereby making certain that the faces of the gearsand the reversing member are kept in contact. were it not for thisfeature held in frictional engagement with the I 2,151,482 about themember for approximately 170, therethe reversing member might be loweredagainst the shoulder I! as soon as pressure built up to a greater extentthan the strength of the spring 22, thus permitting some fluid to bypassfrom the discharge side back to the suction side.

Having described a preferred form of my invention it should be apparentto those skilled in the art that the same may assume severalmodifications in arrangement and detail, all such as come within thescope of the following claims being considered a part of my invention.

I claim:

1. An automatically reversible, uni-directional pump. comprising ahousing having an extendedsuction port and an extended discharge porttherein, said ports each extending through an arc of slightly less than180 in the internal wall of said housing, a driving gear and a drivenring gear mounted withinsaid housing, said driving gear having a flatface and peripheral teeth and said ring gear having a flat face in thesame plane as the flat face of said driving gear and internal teeth infull engagement with said peripheral teeth at one point only, saiddriving gear having one less tooth than the number of teeth on said ringgear and said flat faces lying in a plane above the plane of saidextended ports, and a rotatably mounted reversing member lying in theplane of said extended ports and having a flat face fiat faces of saidgears, said reversing member being provided with means to limit rotationthereof to substantially 180 and being provided with-two open channelsextending into the member from the flat face thereof and lying oppositeand in communication with the pockets between the teeth of said gears,each of said channels being provided with a restricted opening extendingto the edge of said member, one of said channels being in communicationwith said suction port and the other of said channels in communicationwith said discharge port at all times regardless of the position of saidreversing member, said reversing men-.ber being frictionally rotatableby engagement with said gears from one extreme position to anotherextreme position in accordance with the direction of rotation of saidgears whereby to maintain uni-directional flow through said pumpregardless of the direction of rotation of said gears.

2. An automatically reversible, uni-directional pump comprising ahousing having an extended suction .port and an extended adischarge porttherein, said ports each extending through an arc of slightly less than180 in the internal wall of said housing, a driving gear and a drivenring gear mounted within said housing, said driving gear having a flatface and peripheral teeth and said ring gear having a flat face in thesame plane as the flat face of said driving gear and internal teeth infull engagement with said peripheral teeth at one point only, saiddriving gear having means to limit rotation thereof to substantially andbeing provided with two open channels extending into the member from theflat face with the pockets between theteeth oi saidge'ars, each'of saidcharmels being provided with a. re-

stricted opening extending to the edge of said member, one of saidchannels being in communication with said suction port and the other ofsaid channels in communication "with said discharge port at all timesregardiess of the position thereof and lying ohposite and incommunication of said reversing member, said reversing ineniberbeingirictionally rotatable by engagementflwith said gears from oneextreme position to another extreme positionin accordance with thedirection of rotation ofsaid gears whereby to maintain uni-directionalflow through said pump regardiess'" of the direction of rotation of saidgears;

